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Abstract:
Two years ago, researchers at the University of South Australia discovered a new molecular marker specific for chemotherapy-induced cancer cell death. Now, those same investigators have used this marker to develop an imaging agent that can pinpoint tumor cell death using magnetic resonance imaging.

Nanoparticles Detect Dying Cancer Cells

Bethesda, MD | Posted on February 24th, 2009

Reporting its work in the journal Advanced Materials, a team of investigators led by Benjamin Thiery, Ph.D., first described a new synthetic method that produces monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles with a dense, uniform coating of the biocompatible polymer poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The resulting nanoparticle adsorbed much lower levels of blood proteins than do iron oxide nanoparticles coated using conventional methods, which had the effect of increasing the particles' half-life in blood.

Next, the investigators attached a specific monoclonal antibody to the PEG coating. This antibody binds to the La ribonucleoprotein, a molecule that is highly overexpressed by tumor cells. When tumor cells die by a process known as apoptosis, La ribonucleoprotein migrates to the cell membrane, where it is then accessible to the monoclonal antibody. Using multiple experimental models, the investigators showed that this antibody-nanoparticle construct bound with very high specificity to apoptotic cancer cells. The investigators are now conducting in vivo experiments to determine whether the nanoparticles can reveal the presence of apoptotic cancer cells in animals with human tumors.

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About National Cancer Institute
The NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer is a comprehensive, systematized initiative encompassing the public and private sectors, designed to accelerate the application of the best capabilities of nanotechnology to cancer.

Currently, scientists are limited in their ability to turn promising molecular discoveries into benefits for cancer patients. Nanotechnology can provide the technical power and tools that will enable those developing new diagnostics, therapeutics, and preventives to keep pace with today’s explosion in knowledge.

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Contacts:
National Cancer Institute
Office of Technology & Industrial Relations
ATTN: NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer
Building 31, Room 10A49
31 Center Drive , MSC 2580
Bethesda , MD 20892-2580

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