Abstract:
Pulmonary toxicity studies in rats demonstrate that lung exposures to ultrafine or nanoparticles produce greater adverse inflammatory responses compared with larger particles of identical composition at equivalent mass concentrations. Results from the limited toxicological database have fostered the perception that all nanoparticles are toxic. Additional factors, however, such as species differences, particle aggregation/disaggregation potential, and surface coatings may be important variables in influencing toxicity. (PDF)