Nanotechnology Now

Our NanoNews Digest Sponsors
Heifer International



Home > Press > A new dimension in magnetism and superconductivity launched

Abrikosov vortices in a superconductor and magnetization configurations in an (anti-)ferromagnet on a Möbius strip (artistic representation) © Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany
Abrikosov vortices in a superconductor and magnetization configurations in an (anti-)ferromagnet on a Möbius strip (artistic representation) © Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany

Abstract:
Traditionally, the primary field, where curvature is playing a pivotal role, is the theory of general relativity. In recent years, however, the impact of curvilinear geometry enters various disciplines, ranging from solid-state physics over soft-matter physics to chemistry and biology, giving rise to a plethora of emerging domains, such as curvilinear cell biology, semiconductors, superfluidity, optics, plasmonics and 2D van der Waals materials. In modern magnetism, superconductivity and spintronics, extending nanostructures into the third dimension has become a major research avenue because of geometry-, curvature- and topology-induced phenomena. This approach provides a means to improve conventional and to launch novel functionalities by tailoring the curvature and 3D shape.

A new dimension in magnetism and superconductivity launched

Vienna, Austria | Posted on November 5th, 2021

“In recent years, there have appeared experimental and theoretical works dealing with curvilinear and three-dimensional superconducting and (anti-)ferromagnetic nano-architectures. However, these studies originate from different scientific communities, resulting in the lack of knowledge transfer between such fundamental areas of condensed matter physics as magnetism and superconductivity”, says Oleksandr Dobrovolskiy, head of the SuperSpin Lab at the University of Vienna. ”In our group, we lead projects in both these topical areas and it was the aim of our perspective article to build a “bridge” between the magnetism and superconductivity communities, drawing attention to the conceptual aspects of how extension of structures into the third dimension and curvilinear geometry can modify existing and aid launching novel functionalities upon solid-state systems”.

“In magnetic materials, the geometrically-broken symmetry provides a new toolbox to tailor curvature-induced anisotropy and chiral responses”, says Denys Makarov, head of the department “Intelligent Materials and Systems” at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf. “The possibility to tune magnetic responses by designing the geometry of a wire or magnetic thin film, is one of the main advantages of the curvilinear magnetism, which has a major impact on physics, material science and technology. At present, under its umbrella, the fundamental field of curvilinear magnetism includes curvilinear ferro- and antiferromagnetism, curvilinear magnonics and curvilinear spintronics.”

“The key difference in the impact of the curvilinear geometry on superconductors in comparison with (anti-)ferromagnets lies in the underlying nature of the order parameter,” expands Oleksandr Dobrovolskiy. “Namely, in contrast to magnetic materials, for which energy functionals contain spatial derivatives of vector fields, the description of superconductors also relies on the analysis of energy functionals containing spatial derivatives of scalar fields. While in magnetism the order parameter is the magnetization (vector), for a superconducting state the absolute value of the order parameter has a physical meaning of the superconducting energy gap (scalar). In the future, extension of hybrid (anti-)ferromagnet/superconductor structures into the third dimension will enable investigations of the interplay between curvature effects in systems possessing vector and scalar order parameters. Yet, this progress strongly relies on the development of experimental and theoretical methods and the improvement of computation capabilities.”

Challenges for investigations of curvilinear and 3D nanomagnets and superconductors
Generally, effects of curvature and torsion are expected when the sizes or features of the system become comparable with the respective length scales. Among the various nanofabrication techniques, writing of complex-shaped 3D nano-architectures by focused particles beams has exhibited the most significant progress in the recent years, turning these methods into the techniques of choice for basic and applications-oriented studies in 3D nanomagnetism and superconductivity. However, approaching the relevant length scales in the low nm range (exchange length in ferromagnets and superconducting coherence length in nanoprinted superconductors) is still beyond the reach of current experimental capabilities. At the same time, sophisticated techniques for the characterization of magnetic configurations and their dynamics in complex-shaped nanostructures are becoming available, including X-ray vector nanotomography and 3D imaging by soft X-ray laminography. Similar studies of superconductors are more delicate as they require cryogenic conditions, appealing for the development of such techniques in the years to come.

####

For more information, please click here

Contacts:
Veronika Schallhart
University of Vienna

Office: +43-1-4277-175 30
Expert Contact

Oleksandr Dobrovolskiy, Priv.-Doz. Dr. habil.
University of Vienna, Superconductivity and Spintronics laboratory, Nanomagnetism and Magnonics group, Faculty of Physics

Copyright © University of Vienna

If you have a comment, please Contact us.

Issuers of news releases, not 7th Wave, Inc. or Nanotechnology Now, are solely responsible for the accuracy of the content.

Bookmark:
Delicious Digg Newsvine Google Yahoo Reddit Magnoliacom Furl Facebook

Related Links

ARTICLE TITLE

Related News Press

News and information

Single quantum bit achieves complex systems modeling June 9th, 2023

Quantum materials: Electron spin measured for the first time June 9th, 2023

Liquid metal sticks to surfaces without a binding agent June 9th, 2023

Graphene-based Carbocatalysts: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications—Beyond Boundaries June 9th, 2023

Zinc transporter has built-in self-regulating sensor: New cryo-EM structure of a zinc-transporter protein reveals how this molecular machine functions to regulate cellular levels of zinc, an essential micronutrient June 9th, 2023

2 Dimensional Materials

Graphene-based Carbocatalysts: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications—Beyond Boundaries June 9th, 2023

Rensselaer researcher uses artificial intelligence to discover new materials for advanced computing Trevor Rhone uses AI to identify two-dimensional van der Waals magnets May 12th, 2023

With new experimental method, researchers probe spin structure in 2D materials for first time: By observing spin structure in “magic-angle” graphene, a team of scientists led by Brown University researchers have found a workaround for a long-standing roadblock in the field of two May 12th, 2023

Magnetism/Magnons

Researchers discover materials exhibiting huge magnetoresistance June 9th, 2023

Rensselaer researcher uses artificial intelligence to discover new materials for advanced computing Trevor Rhone uses AI to identify two-dimensional van der Waals magnets May 12th, 2023

Superconductivity

Researchers at Purdue discover superconductive images are actually 3D and disorder-driven fractals May 12th, 2023

Plasmonics

Preserving the goods: A new technique for isolating intact lysosomes from cell cultures: Scientists advance the study of fragile digestive organelles by developing strategy to rapidly extract them from cells using magnetic nanoparticles January 7th, 2022

Patterning silicon at the one nanometer scale: Scientists engineer materials’ electrical and optical properties with plasmon engineering August 13th, 2021

TPU scientists offer new plasmon energy-based method to remove CO2 from atmosphere March 19th, 2021

USTC develops ultrahigh-performance plasmonic metal-oxide materials January 11th, 2021

Possible Futures

USTC enhances fluorescence brightness of single silicon carbide spin color centers June 9th, 2023

Single quantum bit achieves complex systems modeling June 9th, 2023

Advances in nanotechnology application in biosafety materials A crucial response to COVID-19 pandemic June 9th, 2023

Researchers discover materials exhibiting huge magnetoresistance June 9th, 2023

Spintronics

Quantum materials: Electron spin measured for the first time June 9th, 2023

Rensselaer researcher uses artificial intelligence to discover new materials for advanced computing Trevor Rhone uses AI to identify two-dimensional van der Waals magnets May 12th, 2023

Linearly assembled Ag-Cu nanoclusters: Spin transfer and distance-dependent spin coupling November 4th, 2022

Spin photonics to move forward with new anapole probe November 4th, 2022

Chip Technology

USTC enhances fluorescence brightness of single silicon carbide spin color centers June 9th, 2023

Researchers discover materials exhibiting huge magnetoresistance June 9th, 2023

Breaking through the limits of stretchable semiconductors with molecular brakes that harness light June 9th, 2023

Laser direct writing of Ga2O3/liquid metal-based flexible humidity sensors May 12th, 2023

Discoveries

Zinc transporter has built-in self-regulating sensor: New cryo-EM structure of a zinc-transporter protein reveals how this molecular machine functions to regulate cellular levels of zinc, an essential micronutrient June 9th, 2023

When all details matter -- Heat transport in energy materials June 9th, 2023

Advances in nanotechnology application in biosafety materials A crucial response to COVID-19 pandemic June 9th, 2023

Researchers discover materials exhibiting huge magnetoresistance June 9th, 2023

Announcements

Liquid metal sticks to surfaces without a binding agent June 9th, 2023

Graphene-based Carbocatalysts: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications—Beyond Boundaries June 9th, 2023

Zinc transporter has built-in self-regulating sensor: New cryo-EM structure of a zinc-transporter protein reveals how this molecular machine functions to regulate cellular levels of zinc, an essential micronutrient June 9th, 2023

When all details matter -- Heat transport in energy materials June 9th, 2023

Interviews/Book Reviews/Essays/Reports/Podcasts/Journals/White papers/Posters

USTC enhances fluorescence brightness of single silicon carbide spin color centers June 9th, 2023

Single quantum bit achieves complex systems modeling June 9th, 2023

Advances in nanotechnology application in biosafety materials A crucial response to COVID-19 pandemic June 9th, 2023

Researchers discover materials exhibiting huge magnetoresistance June 9th, 2023

NanoNews-Digest
The latest news from around the world, FREE




  Premium Products
NanoNews-Custom
Only the news you want to read!
 Learn More
NanoStrategies
Full-service, expert consulting
 Learn More











ASP
Nanotechnology Now Featured Books




NNN

The Hunger Project